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Notes on reporting, done carefully.

Method, frameworks, and how Verdant thinks about drafting a carbon report you can stand behind.

MethodMay 20, 2026

What makes a carbon report audit-ready

An audit-ready carbon report is not a polished PDF. It is a document where every emissions figure can be traced to its source: the activity data, the emission factor, and the arithmetic connecting them. Most sustainability reports fail this test before a third-party reviewer opens the file.

Maya Delaney8 min readRead

Scope 3March 12, 2026

Scope 3 is mostly spend-based, and that's okay to start

For most mid-market companies, Scope 3 category 1 is estimated using spend-based EEIO factors. This is not a shortcut. It is the GHG Protocol's approved method when supplier-specific data is unavailable, which describes most supply chains. Here is how to apply it honestly and build confidence over time.

James Okafor7 min read

AIDecember 9, 2025

How we keep an AI from inventing an emissions number

A language model trained on general internet data has encountered emission factors, but it does not know which ones are current, which are jurisdiction-specific, or which have been superseded. If Verdant asked an LLM to recall an emission factor from memory, it would often produce one. It would also sometimes produce the wrong one. Here is how we prevent that.

Sarah Chen7 min read